Australian Concrete Strengths
In Australian Standards, concrete strength is determined by the compressive strength of concrete, measured 28 days from pouring. According to AS 1379 (Specification and supply of concrete), concrete strength is tested using compressive cylinder testing, where test cylinders (typically 100 mm x 200 mm or 150 mm x 300 mm) are tested at 7 days and 28 days in a compression testing machine to ensure compliance with the minimum concrete strength grade.
The minimum concrete grade/strength is only one factor that should be considered when determining the type of concrete to use on a project. Other areas, like exposure class, aggregate selection, structural loads, durability requirements, creep, shrinkage, rebar sizes , and long-term deflection, must also be considered. Structural engineers will assess these parameters in accordance with AS 3600 and the National Construction Code when choosing concrete to use.
Australian Concrete Strength Designations
Normal Class Concrete
Normal class concrete in Australia starts with the letter N before the grade and encompasses compressive strengths from 20 to 50 MPa. Normal class concrete is commonly used in residential and light-to-medium commercial construction and is generally readily available from all Australian concrete suppliers.
| Grade | Compressive Strength | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|
| N20 | 20 MPa | Residential Applications. Footpaths, kerbs, pathways, and non-structural slabs |
| N25 | 25 MPa | Residential Applications. Residential – House slabs, footings, patios, and light-duty driveways |
| N32 | 32 MPa | Residential/Commercial Applications. House slabs, garage slabs, driveways, and suspended slabs |
| N40 | 40 MPa | Commercial Applications. Structural slabs, industrial floors, and car parks |
| N50 | 50 MPa | Commercial/Infrastructure Applications. High-rise structural elements and heavy-duty pavements |
Table Notes
- As defined in Australian Standard 1379.
- Miniumum compressive strengths are measured at 28 days.
- Common Applications are suggestions only.
- Guidence should be sought from a strucutral engineer and in accordance with Australian Standard 3600.
Special Class Concrete
Special class concrete in Australia is generally designated as concrete with compressive strengths above 50 MPa. Special class concrete is typically specified by structural engineers for specialised applications, including infrastructure projects such as bridges and tunnels, as well as high-rise buildings. These grades of concrete are not generally available off the shelf and instead involve specialised, engineered mix designs.
| Grade | Compressive Strength | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|
| S65 | 65 MPa | Infrastructure Applications. Bridges, precast elements, and high-performance structures |
| S80 | 80 MPa | Infrastructure Applications (High Rise Buildings). Columns, cores, and heavily loaded structural elements |
| S100 | 100 MPa | Heavy Infrastructure Applications. Bridge girders, high-load precast components, and heavy civil works |
| S120 | 120 MPa | Specialised Applications. Ultra-High-Performance Concrete for landmark structures, specialised precast, and research/defence applications |
Australian Concrete Suppliers
Below is a list of some of the major concrete suppliers in Australia.
| Supplier | Head Office | Locations Serviced |
|---|---|---|
| ADBRI (formerly Adelaide Brighton) | Adelaide, South Australia | Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia |
| Boral | North Ryde, New South Wales | Australia wide |
| Cement Australia | Darra, QLD | Australia wide |
| Concrite | Sydney, New South Wales | New South Wales and Canberra |
| Duggnas | Cradoc, Tasmania | Tasmania |
| Hallet Group | Dry Creek, South Australia | South Australia |
| Heidelberg Materials | Sydney, New South Wales | Australia wide |
| Holcim Australia | North Sydney, New South Wales | Australia wide |
| Hunter ReadyMixed Concrete | Thornton, New South Wales | New South Wales |
| HY-TEC CONCRETE | Parramatta, New South Wales | Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia |
| Hymix Australia | Parramatta, New South Wales | Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia |
| Indpendent Cement | Melbourne, Victoria | Victoria and New South Wales |
| Metromix | Parramatta, New South Wales | New South Wales |
| NUCON Concrete | Upper Coomera, Queensland | Queensland and Northern New South Wales |
| Wagners | Toowoomba , Queensland | Queensland |